Conventional pesticides are generally synthetic materials that directly kill or inactivate the pest. Being single chemical entity, chemical pesticides have resulted in increased resistance in pests. Biopesticides also known as Biological Pesticides are pesticides derived from natural materials as animals, plants, bacteria, and certain minerals. Biopesticides are less toxic and also reduce the pollution problems caused by conventional pesticides.

Microbial pesticides consist of a microorganism (e.g., a bacterium, fungus, virus or protozoan) as the active ingredient. For example the Biopesticides based on Bacillus thuringiensis, Trichoderma viride etc..

Botanical pesticides are based on naturally occurring substances from plants that control pests by non-toxic mechanisms. For example the Biopesticides based on neem, karanj, garlic etc.